Keloid Scars

Keloids are a type of scar caused by the overgrowth of scar tissue. They appear as pink, red or skin-colored bumps and although they are benign (non-cancerous), keloids can become enlarged, irritated and itchy. Keloid scars can be caused by any sort of trauma to the skin (scrapes, piercings, ingrown hairs, acne, etc.) and are more common in individuals with a family history of the skin condition. There are a variety of ways to treat keloids based on size, the severity of the scarring and the location on the body, but common methods of removal include cryotherapy and corticosteroid injection.

Keloids can be difficult to treat, but they are preventable. Protecting the skin from injury can help reduce the occurrence of these scars, while limiting excessive sun exposure can minimize the appearance of scars that have already formed.

Keloid scars are raised, thickened areas of skin that develop at the site of a wound, extending beyond the original injury. They form when the body produces excess collagen during the healing process. Unlike regular scars, keloids continue to grow even after the wound has healed, often becoming larger than the original injury.

Surgical incisions, piercings, burns, acne, scratches or insect bites can trigger their formation. While anyone can develop them, they are more common among people with darker skin tones, particularly those of African, Hispanic, or Asian descent. Additionally, a family history of keloids increases the likelihood of their occurrence.

Keloid scars can vary in appearance. They are typically smooth, shiny, and firm, with a color ranging from pink to dark brown. These scars often cause discomfort, including itching, tenderness, and pain. In some cases, keloids can restrict movement if they form over joints or large areas of the body.

Prevention

Preventing keloid formation can be challenging, especially for individuals who are prone to them. However, avoiding unnecessary skin trauma, treating wounds promptly, and using pressure dressings on healing wounds can help to reduce the risk.

Treatment

Treating keloid scars involves various approaches aimed at reducing their size and discomfort. Steroid injections are a common treatment, helping to flatten and soften them. Other options include laser therapy, cryotherapy (freezing the scar) and surgical removal. However, they may recur larger than before.

A skin specialist can help manage symptoms and explore effective treatments.